GlossarySpecial functions: Appendix30 Function Manual, 11/2006, 6FC5397-2BP10-2BA0PLC program memorySINUMERIK 840D: The PLC user program, the user data and the basic PLC program arestored together in the PLC user memory.PLC ProgrammingThe PLC is programmed using the STEP 7 software. The STEP 7 programming software isbased on the WINDOWS standard operating system and contains the STEP 5 programmingfunctions with innovative enhancements.Polar coordinatesA coordinate system, which defines the position of a point on a plane in terms of its distancefrom the origin and the angle formed by the radius vector with a defined axis.Polynomial interpolationPolynomial interpolation enables a wide variety of curve characteristics to be generated,such as straight line, parabolic, exponential functions (SINUMERIK 840D).Positioning axisAxis that performs an auxiliary movement on a machine tool (e.g., tool magazine, pallettransport). Positioning axes are axes that do not interpolate with → path axes.Pre-coincidenceBlock change occurs already when the path distance approaches an amount equal to aspecifiable delta of the end position.Program blockProgram blocks contain the main program and subroutines of → part programs.Programmable framesProgrammable → frames enable dynamic definition of new coordinate system output pointswhile the part program is being executed. A distinction is made between absolute definitionusing a new frame and additive definition with reference to an existing starting point.Programmable Logic ControlProgrammable logic controllers (PLC) are electronic controls, the function of which is storedas a program in the control unit. This means that the layout and wiring of the device do notdepend on the function of the control. The programmable logic controller has the samestructure as a computer; it consists of a CPU (central module) with memory, input/outputmodules and an internal bus system. The peripherals and the programming language arematched to the requirements of the control technology.