17Figure 9-2 shows the basic profile shapes inspindle turning.Figure 9-29.4 Stock SelectionStock for spindles should be straight grained andfree of checks, cracks, knots and other defects. Itshould be cut 1/8" to 1/4" larger than the finisheddiameter and may require additional length so theends can be removed later. Larger stock shouldhave the corners removed to produce an octagonmaking the piece easier to rough down to acylinder.1. With a combination square, or plastic centerfinder for round stock, locate and mark centeron each end of the workpiece. Accuracy is notcritical on full rounds but extremely importanton stock where square sections are to remain.Put a dimple in the stock with an awl or nail, oruse a spring-loaded automatic center punch.2. Extremely hard woods may require kerfs cutinto the ends of the stock (Figure 9-3) using aband saw, so the wood will accept the spurcenter and the live center.Figure 9-33. Drive the spur center about 1/4” into theworkpiece, using a wood mallet or dead blowhammer as shown in Figure 9-4. Be carefulthat you do not split the workpiece.Never use a steel facehammer and never drive the workpieceonto the spur center while it is mounted inthe Lathe spindle.Figure 9-44. Make sure headstock is locked to lathe bed.5. Clean tapered end of spur center and inside ofheadstock spindle.6. Insert tapered end of spur center (with theattached workpiece) into headstock spindle.7. Support the workpiece while bringing thetailstock into position about 1-inch away fromend of workpiece. Lock tailstock to bed.8. Advance tailstock quill with the handwheel inorder to seat the live center into the workpiece.Use enough pressure to secure the workpiecebetween the centers so that it won’t fly off, butdo not use excessive pressure.9. Tighten quill locking handle.The tailstock quill is capableof exerting excessive pressure againstworkpiece and headstock. Apply only sufficientforce with tailstock to hold workpiece securelyin place. Excessive pressure can overheatcenter bearings and damage both workpieceand lathe.10. Move tool rest into position. It should beparallel to workpiece, just below the centerlineand approximately 1/8" to 1/4" from thecorners of the workpiece to be turned, as inFigure 9-5. Tighten tool rest base to Lathebed.11. Rotate workpiece by hand to check for properclearance.12. Start lathe at lowest speed and bring it up tothe appropriate RPM for the size of workpieceused. Consult digital readout on theheadstock.