additive color modelA system in which colors are producedby combining red, green, and blue light(the additive primaries). An RGB videomonitor is based on an additive colormodel.additive primariesRed, green, and blue light used inadditive color systems. When blendedtogether in proper amounts, these colorsof light produce white.artifactA visible defect in an image, usuallycaused by limitations in the input oroutput process (hardware or software);a blemish or error.bandingVisible steps between shades in a colorgradient.bit depthAmount of information used for eachpixel in a raster image. Black and whiteimages require only one bit per pixel.Grayscale images with 256 shades of grayrequire 8 bits (or 1 byte) per pixel.Photographic quality color images canrequire 24 bits per pixel (RGB images)or 32 bits per pixel (CMYK images).bitmapAn image comprised of small squaresarranged in a grid. Each square in thegrid is a pixel. The number of pixels perinch defines the resolution of a bitmap.blastingAn undesirable effect that occurs whenexcess amounts of toner, possiblycombined with certain types of paperstock, cause objects in an image tospread beyond the boundaries definedin the file.BMPA graphics file format established byMicrosoft; native to the Windowsoperating system.calibrationThe process of ensuring that a devicebehaves consistently with respect to a setof specifications.CMSSee color management system.CMYKA subtractive color model that uses cyan,magenta, yellow, and black, or processcolors, used in color printing; a colormodel used in the printing of colors infour-color process printing.color channelA single-color image that can be editedseparately from the other color channelscomprising a color space—for example,the red channel of an RGB image.color gamutSee gamut.Glossary