xi Basics of color managementThis manual introduces the concepts and issues associated with printing to theColor Server™. It outlines key workflow scenarios and provides application notes thatexplain how to print to the Color Server from popular Microsoft Windows andApple Mac OS applications. This reference guide also provides basic backgroundinformation on color theory and color management.The Glossary at the back of this manual defines terms and concepts—for example,output profile—that appear throughout this manual. Color terms and concepts suchas “RGB data,” “color space,” “spot color,” “gamut,” and “source profile” are usedthroughout this manual. If you are new to desktop color, or if any terms are unfamiliar,check the Glossary.N OTE : The term “printer” is used throughout this manual to denote a supportedprinter or copier.Basics of color managementThe past several years have seen progress toward standardization in the field of digitalcolor management systems. Both the Windows and Mac OS operating systems nowsupport an industry standard format developed by the International ColorConsortium (ICC). This ICC format is implemented on Windows computers inImage Color Matching (ICM) and on Mac OS computers in ColorSync. More andmore software developers are also incorporating color management systems intohigh-end applications. The Color Server color management system, ColorWise®,supports this standard profile format.A color management system (CMS) is a “translator” between the color space ofthe source image (for example, the monitor or a scanner) and the color space of theprinter. The CMS uses a device-independent color space, such as CIELAB, as itsintermediate color space. To perform its translation, the CMS needs information aboutthe color space of the source image and the gamut of the printer. This information isprovided in the form of profiles, often created by the makers of the computer monitoror printer. The end product of a CMS conversion is a printed document or an imagefile in the gamut of a particular printer.Introduction