Abaxis VetScan UA10 Manual

Abaxis VetScan UA10 Manual Manual pdf 1 page image

VetScan UA10Urine Test StripsENGLISHPLEASE CAREFULLY READ THIS PACKAGE INSERT BEFORE USE.For Veterinary Use Only. For Use with the VetScan UA Analyzer.INTENDED USEThe VetScan UA10 urine reagent strips provide tests for the semi-quantitativemeasurement of leukocytes, ketones, nitrite, urobilinogen, bilirubin, glucose,protein, specific gravity, pH, and blood in veterinary urine samples. UA10 stripsare to be read with the VetScan UA analyzer only. Manual reading of the strips isnot recommended. Not for human diagnostic use.SUMMARYVetScan UA10 urine reagent strips consist of a plastic strip affixed with reagentpaper pads and a calibration pad. This feature facilitates measurement ofmultiple urine chemistries in a single analysis. The calibration pad, which is notimpregnated with reagents, allows automatic analyzer interference correctionto the natural color of urine to obtain accurate results.TEST PRINCIPLES AND LIMITATIONSLeukocytes (LEU): This test reveals the presence of granulocyte esterases.These esterases cleave an indoxyl ester, and the indoxyl so liberated reactswith a diazonium salt to produce a violet dye.Leukocyte esterase results may be positive in the absence of observablecells if the leukocytes have lysed. Positive results may occasionally be foundwith random specimens from females due to contamination of the specimenby vaginal discharge. Elevated glucose concentrations (1000 mg/dL or≥ 55 mmol/L) or high specific gravity may cause decreased test results. Thepresence of cephalexin, cephalothin, or tetracycline may cause decreasedreactivity, and high levels of the drug may cause a false negative reaction.The test area does not react with intact lymphocytes. Reactivity may alsovary with temperature.Ketones (KET): The test is based on the principle of Legal’s test and is moresensitive to acetoacetic acid than to acetone. The reagent area does not reactwith β-hydroxybutyric acid. Some high specific gravity/low pH urines may givereactions up to and including Trace. Normal urine specimens usually yieldnegative results with this reagent. False positive results (Trace) may occur withhighly pigmented urine specimens.Nitrite (NIT): The test is based on the principle of Griess’s test and is specificto nitrite. Any degree of uniform pink color development should be interpretedas a positive. The presence of nitrite indicates the presence of 105 or moreorganisms per mL, but color development is not proportional to the numberof bacteria present. A negative result does not in itself prove that there is nosignificant bacteriuria. Negative results may occur when urinary tract infectionsare caused by organisms which do not contain reductase to convert nitrate tonitrite; when urine has not been retained in the bladder long enough (4hrs -8hrs) for reduction of nitrate to occur; or when dietary nitrate is absent, even iforganisms containing reductase are present and bladder incubation is ample.Ascorbic acid concentrations of 25 mg/dL (1.4 mmol/L) or greater may causefalse negative results with specimens containing nitrite ion concentrations of43 μmol/L or less.Urobilinogen (URO): This test is based on the Ehrlich reaction. This test padwill detect urobilinogen in concentrations as low as 3 μmol/L (approximately0.2 Ehrlich unit/dL) in urine. The test pad may react with interfering substancesknown to react with Ehrlich’s reagent. Excreted pigments and medications thathave an intrinsic red coloration in acidic medium may produce false positiveresults. This test is inhibited by elevated concentrations of formaldehyde. Stripreactivity increases with temperature; the optimum temperature is 72-79 °F(22-26 °C). The absence of urobilinogen cannot be determined with this test.Bilirubin (BIL): This test is based on the coupling of bilirubin with diazoniumsalt in an acid medium. Normally no bilirubin is detectable in urine byeven the most sensitive methods. Even trace amounts of bilirubin aresufficiently abnormal to require further investigation. Some urine constituents(medications, urinary indicants) may produce a yellowish or reddishdiscoloration of the test paper that may interfere with interpreting the result.Ascorbic acid concentrations of 25 mg/dL (1.4 mmol/L) or greater may alsocause false negatives.Protein (PRO): The test is based on the principle of the protein error of a pHindicator. The reagent area is more sensitive to albumin. An elevated pH (upto 9.0) may affect the test. The residues of disinfectants containing quaternaryammonium groups or chlorhexidine present in the urine vessel may lead to afalse positive result.Glucose (GLU): The test is based on the specific glucose oxidase/peroxidasereaction. The test is specific for glucose. No substance excreted in urine otherthan glucose is known to give a positive result. False positive reactions may becaused by hypochlorite or peroxide (bleach, cleaning agents). Ascorbic acidof more than 1.4 mmol/L and/or high ketone concentrations (80 mg/dL or8 mmol/L) may cause false negatives for specimens containing small amountsof glucose (100 mg/dL or 5.5 mmol/L). The reactivity of the glucose testdecreases as the specific gravity (SG) of the urine increases. Reactivity mayalso vary with temperature.Specific Gravity (SG): This test contains a detergent and bromothymol bluethat indicates the presence of ionic constituents in the urine by changing colorfrom green to yellow. The specific gravity test permits determination of urinespecific gravity between 1.000 and 1.060. In general, it correlates within 0.005with values obtained with the refractive index method. Strips are automaticallyadjusted for pH by the analyzer when pH ≥ 7.0 or pH ≤ 5.0. Highly bufferedalkaline urine may cause low readings relative to other methods. Elevatedspecific gravity readings may be obtained in the presence of very highquantities of protein (500 mg/dL, 5 g/L).Blood (BLD): Hemoglobin and myoglobin catalyze the oxidation ofthe indicator by means of organic hydroperoxide contained in the testpaper. This test is highly sensitive to hemoglobin and thus complementsthe microscopic examination for the presence of red blood cells (RBC).(Hemoglobin concentration of 150 - 620 μg/L (9.31x106 – 3.85 x10 5 mmol/L)is approximately equivalent to 5-15 intact red blood cells per microliter.) Thesensitivity of this test may be reduced in urine with high specific gravity. Thetest is equally sensitive to myoglobin as it is to hemoglobin. Captopril andEtodolac may also cause decreased reactivity. Blood is often found in theurine of intact females in the proestrus stage. Certain oxidizing contaminants,such as hypochlorite, may produce false positive results. Microbial peroxidaseassociated with a urinary tract infection may cause a false positive reaction.Ascorbic acid concentrations of 24.66 mg/dL (1.4 mmol/L) or greater maycause false negatives at the trace blood levels.pH: This test contains a mixed indicator which assures a marked change incolour between pH 5.0 and pH 9.0.REAGENTS COMPOSITIONBased on the dry weight content of each pad in 100 strips:Leukocytes: indoxyl ester 1.4 mg; diazonium salt 0.7 mg.Ketone: sodium nitroprusside 30.0 mg.Nitrite: arsanilic acid 0.7 mg; N-(naphthyl)-ethylenediammoniumdihydrochloride 0.5 mg.Urobilinogen: fast blue B salt 1.2 mg.Bilirubin: 2,4-dichlorobenzene diazonium 14.3 mg.Protein: tetrabromphenol blue 0.4 mg.Glucose: glucose oxidase 800 I.U; peroxidase 200 I.U; 4-aminoantipyrine0.1 mg.Specific Gravity: bromothymol blue 0.4 mg; sodium poly methyl vinyl acetatemaleic 16.0 mg.Blood: cumene hydroperoxide 35.2 mg; 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine 2.0 mg.pH: bromocresol green 0.2 mg; bromxylenol blue 3.3 mg.INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE1. Additional materials required: VetScan UA urine analyzer, absorbentlint-free tissue, dropper pipette (optional), disposable gloves, UA printer(if printout desired, optional). Consult the VetScan UA User’s Manual formore detailed information.2. Acquire a urine sample by any of the three methods below:a. Cystocentesisb. Catheterc. Mid-stream urine sample3. Place the VetScan UA analyzer on a stable, flat surface in a room at roomtemperature (59-77 °F, 15-25 °C).4. Remove a strip from the tube and immediately recap the tube. Do nottouch pads on the strip. Place the strip with pads facing up on a cleanpaper towel or tissue.5. Start a test on the Vetscan UA by selecting Strip Type as UA10, select theSpecies and enter the Patient ID (PID). Then touch the Test button (TestTube icon). A timer will appear onscreen and a beep will sound in severalseconds. The application of urine and blotting in steps 6-10 must beperformed within 30 seconds.6. Thoroughly mix the fresh, room temperature (59-77 °F, 15-25 °C) urinesample immediately prior to testing by inverting the syringe or tube/container multiple times.7. Quickly apply the urine sample to the strip. The urine may be applied tothe strip by either of two methods:a. Dip the UA10 strip into urine sample, completely immersing all thepads. The sample tube of urine should be deeper than 88 mm. Be surethat all pads are completely wetted. Remove the strip after 2 seconds.

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