Setting up a GPS Unitand Basic GPS Mapping TechniquesManual1 IntroductionThis manual is intended to provide users with a basic understanding of a Garmin eTrex GPS receiverand how it can help to support day to day operations. For detailed information about this receiver, referto the owner's manual that is included with the receiver.1.1 What is a Global Positioning System?The Global Positioning System is a space-based global navigation satellite system. It provides reliablelocation and time information anywhere on Earth and at all times when there is an unobstructed line ofsite to at least four GPS satellites. It was created by the U.S. Department of Defense in 1973.1.2 How it works?The Global Positioning System consists of three segments:1. Space SegmentThe space segment is composed of orbiting satellites positioned in medium Earth orbit at an altitude ofapproximately 20 200 kilometers (12 550 miles). The satellites orbit around the Earth in six circularplanes broadcasting the signal from space. Each satellite makes two complete orbits each day. Abouteight satellites are visible at any particular time from any point on the ground.2. Control SegmentThe Control Segment is composed of:• Control Stations• Dedicated Antennas• Dedicated Monitor StationsThe control segment tracks the flight paths of the satellites and regularly contacts each satellite with anavigational updates.3. User SegmentThe user segment is composed of tens of millions of users on-the-ground, in-the-air, water etc.