Glossary 3-9Appendix3ProtocolA set of rules that govern the transmission of data across a network. Examples ofprotocols are FTP, DHCP, BOOTP, RARP, IPP, and TCP/IP.Proxy serverA server that provides a cache of files available on remote servers that are slow orexpensive to access. The term “proxy server” normally refers to a World Wide Web serverthat, on receiving a URL, tries to supply the requested file from its cache. If it cannotlocate the file there, the proxy server would bring it from the remote server and also savea copy in its cache so that the next request can be obtained locally.RARPReverse Address Resolution Protocol. A protocol that associates a network adapteraddress (MAC address) with an Internet Protocol (IP) address.RasterRaster graphics describes an image as a pattern of dots, compared to vector graphicswhich represents an image as a geometrical formula. Each row of color dots in the mosaicof color dots constitutes one raster graphic. In a printer, a raster graphic is used as themaster image from which a page is printed, because the image can be transferred topaper by printing one raster at a time.RawThis is a print application used with Windows 2000/XP. It can print at higher speeds thanLPD.RIP (Raster Image Processor)The hardware and/or software functions of a printer that convert vector graphicdescriptions from a computer into raster graphic images that can be printed.Scope IDThe Scope ID is a character string value that is appended to the NetBIOS name, and isused for all NetBIOS over TCP/IP communications. It provides a way for a computer tocommunicate only with others sharing the same Scope ID.SMBServer Message Block. A protocol that provides file and printer sharing over a network forWindows computers.Source RoutingNormally, a host has no control over the route taken by a packet it sends. Source routing isa technique whereby the sender of a packet can specify the route that a packet shouldtake through the network to its destination.SpoolingSimultaneous Peripheral Operations On-Line. Spooling means putting jobs in a buffer,which is a special area in memory or on a disk. Because devices access data at different